Azzopardi effect:

In small cell Ca of lung,

blood vessels in necrotic area may show smudged hematoxophilic material in their walls, which represents DNA released from tumour cells. This is referred to as Azzopardi effect.

ASN -11- Patho

Q. Aplastic anaemia can progress to all except:

a. AML
b. Myelodysplastic anemia
c. Pure red cell aplasia
d. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Q. The anticoagulant of choice for performing coagulation studies is:

a. EDTA
b. Heparin
c. Trisodium citrate
d. Double oxalate

Oxygen dependent killing is done through:

1. NADPH oxidase.
2. Superoxide dismutase.
3. Catalase.
4. Glutathione reductase.

Please click on comments to view the correct option and descriptions.

An Rh -ve woman became pregnant with Rh +ve fetus. Within few days after birth, the infant developed jaundice, ascites, hepatomegaly and edema. The likely substances deposited in skin and sclera in jaundice are given below. Which is the best possible answer?

1. Biliverdiin.
2. Conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin.
3. Unconjugated bilirubin.
4. Conjugated bilirubin.

Sickle cell trait patients do not have manifestations of sickle cell disease because:

1. 50% HbS is required for occurrence of sickling.
2. HbA prevents sickling.
3. 50% sickles.
4. HbA prevents polymerization of HbS.

Reticulocytosis is seen in all except:

1. PNH
2. Hemolysis
3. Nutritional anemia.
4. Dyserythropoietic syndrome.

Causes of reticulocytosis

Which one of the following statements about Hemoglobin S is not true:

1. HbS differs from HbA by the substitution of Val for Glu in position 6 of the beta chain.
2. One altered peptide of HbS migrates faster towards the cathode than the corresponding peptide of HbA.
3. Binding of HbS to the deoxygenated HbA can extend the polymer and cause sickling of the red blood cells.
4. Lowering the concentration of deoxygenated HbS can prevent sickling.

The pathogenesis of hypochromic anemia in lead poisoning is due to:

1. Inhibition of enzymes involved in heme synthesis.
2. Binding of lead to transferrin inhibiting the transport of iron.
3. Binding of lead to cell membrane of erythroid precursors.
4. Binding of lead to ferritin inhibiting their breakdown into hemosiderin.

Which of the following surface glycoproteins is most often expressed in human hematopoetic stem cell

1. CD 22
2. CD 40
3. CD 15
4. CD 34

A patient with Hb-6gm%, TLC 1200, platelet 60000, MCV 12 fl, what is the diagnosis?

1. Aplastic anemia.
2. Megaloblastic anemia.
3. PNH.
4. Myelofibrosis.

A 30 yrs old female, RBC count 4.5 million, MCV 55fl, TLC 8000, no history of blood transfusion. What is the likely diagnosis?

1. Iron deficiency anemia.
2. Thalassemia major
3. Thalassemia minor
4. Megaloblastic anemia.

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia is seen in all of the following diseases except:

1. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
2. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
3. Microscopic polyangitis.
4. Metallic cardiac valves.

Which of the following complications is likely to result after several units of blood have been transferred?

1. Metabolic alkalosis.
2. Metabolic acidosis.
3. Respiratory alkalosis.
4. Respiratory acidosis.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is seen in:

1. ALL
2. AML
3. CLL
4. CML

A 40 yrs old male had undergone splenectomy 20 years ago. Peripheral blood smear examination would show the presence of:

1. Dohle bodies.
2. Hypersegmented neutrophils.
3. Spherocytes.
4. Howell-Jolly bodies.

The primary defect which leads to sickle cell anemia is:

1. An abnormality inn porphyrin part of hemoglobin.
2. Replacement of glutamate by valine in beta chain of HbA.
3. A nonsense mutation in the beta chain of HbA.
4. Substitution of valine by glutamate in the alpha chain of HbA.

A couple with a family history of beta thalassemia major in a distant relative, has come for counselling. The husband has HbA2 of 4.8% and the wife has HbA2 of 2.3%. The risk of having a child with beta thalassemia major is:

1. 50%
2. 25%
3. 5%
4. 0%

The following protein defects can cause hereditary spherocytosis except:

1. Ankyrin
2. Palladin
3. Glycophorin C
4. Anion transport protein

Which type of amyloidosis is caused by the mutation of the transthyretin protein?

1. Familial Mediterranean Fever.
2. Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy
3. Dialysis associated amyloidosis.
4. Prion protein asso amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis

Mixed lymphocyte culture is used to identify:

1. MHC class I antigen.
2. MHC class II antigen.
3. B lymphocytes.
4. T helper cells.